Длинная арифметика: различия между версиями
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Строка 224: | Строка 224: | ||
struct BigInteger { | struct BigInteger { | ||
vector<int> digits; | vector<int> digits; | ||
inline static const int BASE = 1e9; | |||
inline static const int DIGIT_WIDTH = 9; | |||
inline int digit(int index) const { | |||
return index < digits.size() ? digits[index] : 0; | |||
} | |||
inline int &digit(int index) { | |||
if (digits.size() <= index) | |||
digits.resize(index + 1); | |||
return digits[index]; | |||
} | |||
inline void removeZeros() { | |||
while (!digits.empty() && !digits.back()) | |||
digits.pop_back(); | |||
} | |||
BigInteger(long long value = 0) { | BigInteger(long long value = 0) { | ||
for ( ; value; value /= | for (; value; value /= BASE) | ||
digits.push_back(value % | digits.push_back(value % BASE); | ||
} | |||
BigInteger(const string &s) { | |||
for (int r = s.size() - 1; r >= 0; r -= DIGIT_WIDTH) { | |||
int l = max(r - DIGIT_WIDTH + 1, 0); | |||
digits.push_back(stoi(s.substr(l, r - l + 1))); | |||
} | |||
removeZeros(); | |||
} | } | ||
Строка 233: | Строка 258: | ||
BigInteger res; | BigInteger res; | ||
for (int i = 0, carry = 0; i < digits.size() || i < that.digits.size() || carry; i++) { | for (int i = 0, carry = 0; i < digits.size() || i < that.digits.size() || carry; i++) { | ||
int digit | int cur = digit(i) + that.digit(i) + carry; | ||
res.digits.push_back(cur % BASE); | |||
carry = cur / BASE; | |||
res.digits.push_back( | |||
carry = | |||
} | } | ||
return res; | return res; | ||
} | |||
BigInteger operator * (const BigInteger &that) const { | |||
BigInteger res; | |||
for (int i = 0, carry = 0; i < digits.size(); i++) { | |||
for (int j = 0; j < that.digits.size() || carry; j++) { | |||
long long cur = res.digit(i + j) + 1LL * digit(i) * that.digit(j) + carry; | |||
res.digit(i + j) = cur % BASE; | |||
carry = cur / BASE; | |||
} | |||
} | |||
res.removeZeros(); | |||
return res; | |||
} | |||
BigInteger operator / (int that) const { | |||
BigInteger res; | |||
for (int i = digits.size() - 1, carry = 0; i >= 0; i--) { | |||
long long cur = 1LL * carry * BASE + digit(i); | |||
res.digit(i) = cur / that; | |||
carry = cur % that; | |||
} | |||
res.removeZeros(); | |||
return res; | |||
} | |||
friend istream &operator >> (istream &in, BigInteger &value) { | |||
string s; | |||
in >> s; | |||
value = BigInteger(s); | |||
return in; | |||
} | } | ||
Строка 246: | Строка 300: | ||
out << 0; | out << 0; | ||
} else { | } else { | ||
for (int i = value.digits.size() - | out << value.digits.back(); | ||
for (int i = (int)value.digits.size() - 2; i >= 0; i--) { | |||
out.width(DIGIT_WIDTH); | |||
out.fill('0'); | |||
out << value.digits[i]; | out << value.digits[i]; | ||
} | |||
} | } | ||
return out; | return out; |
Текущая версия от 23:40, 13 августа 2024
Хранение, ввод и вывод
class BigInteger { static const int BASE = 1e9; static const int BASE_LEN = 9; static const int MAX_SIZE = 1e4; int d[MAX_SIZE]; int size; public: BigInteger(long long val = 0) { for (int i = 0; i < MAX_SIZE; i++) d[i] = 0; size = 0; if (val == 0) d[size++] = 0; while (val > 0) { d[size++] = val % BASE; val /= BASE; } } BigInteger(char val[]) { for (int i = 0; i < MAX_SIZE; i++) d[i] = 0; size = 0; for (int i = strlen(val) - 1; i >= 0; i -= BASE_LEN) { int digit = 0; for (int j = max(0, i - BASE_LEN + 1); j <= i; j++) digit = digit * 10 + val[j] - '0'; d[size++] = digit; } } void print() const { static char spec[] = "%00d"; spec[2] = BASE_LEN + '0'; printf("%d", d[size - 1]); for (int i = size - 2; i >= 0; i--) printf(spec, d[i]); } };
Сравнение
int cmp(const BigInteger &that) const { if (size != that.size) return size < that.size ? -1 : 1; for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (d[i] != that.d[i]) return d[i] < that.d[i] ? -1 : 1; } return 0; } bool operator < (const BigInteger &that) const { return cmp(that) < 0; } bool operator == (const BigInteger &that) const { return cmp(that) == 0; }
Сложение
BigInteger operator + (const BigInteger &that) const { BigInteger res; int carry = 0; for (int i = 0; i < max(size, that.size) || carry != 0; i++) { long long x = 0LL + d[i] + that.d[i] + carry; res.d[i] = x % BASE; carry = x / BASE; } res.size = max(size, that.size) + 1; while (res.size > 1 && res.d[res.size - 1] == 0) res.size--; return res; }
Вычитание
Предполагается, что уменьшаемое больше вычитаемого.
BigInteger operator - (const BigInteger &that) const { BigInteger res; int carry = 0; for (int i = 0; i < size || carry != 0; i++) { long long x = 0LL + d[i] - that.d[i] + carry; res.d[i] = (x + BASE) % BASE; carry = x < 0 ? -1 : 0; } res.size = size; while (res.size > 1 && res.d[res.size - 1] == 0) res.size--; return res; }
Умножение
BigInteger operator * (const BigInteger &that) const { BigInteger res; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { int carry = 0; for (int j = 0; j < that.size || carry != 0; j++) { long long x = res.d[i + j] + 1LL * d[i] * that.d[j] + carry; res.d[i + j] = x % BASE; carry = x / BASE; } } res.size = size + that.size; while (res.size > 1 && res.d[res.size - 1] == 0) res.size--; return res; } |
BigInteger operator * (int that) const { BigInteger res; int carry = 0; for (int i = 0; i < size || carry != 0; i++) { long long x = 1LL * d[i] * that + carry; res.d[i] = x % BASE; carry = x / BASE; } res.size = size + 1; while (res.size > 1 && res.d[res.size - 1] == 0) res.size--; return res; } |
Деление и взятие остатка
BigInteger operator / (const BigInteger &that) const { BigInteger res, carry; for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) { carry = carry * BASE; carry.d[0] = d[i]; int l = 0, r = BASE - 1, m; while (l + 1 < r) { m = l + (r - l) / 2; if ((that * m).cmp(carry) <= 0) l = m; else r = m; } res.d[i] = (that * r).cmp(carry) <= 0 ? r : l; carry = carry - that * res.d[i]; } res.size = size; while (res.size > 1 && res.d[res.size - 1] == 0) res.size--; return res; } |
BigInteger operator / (int that) const { BigInteger res; int carry = 0; for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) { long long x = 1LL * carry * BASE + d[i]; res.d[i] = x / that; carry = x % that; } res.size = size; while (res.size > 1 && res.d[res.size - 1] == 0) res.size--; return res; } |
BigInteger operator % (const BigInteger &that) const { BigInteger carry; for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) { carry = carry * BASE; carry.d[0] = d[i]; int l = 0, r = BASE - 1, m; while (l + 1 < r) { m = l + (r - l) / 2; if ((that * m).cmp(carry) <= 0) l = m; else r = m; } int digit = (that * r).cmp(carry) <= 0 ? r : l; carry = carry - that * digit; } return carry; } |
int operator % (int that) const { int carry = 0; for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) carry = (1LL * carry * BASE + d[i]) % that; return carry; } |
Длинная арифметика на vector
struct BigInteger { vector<int> digits; inline static const int BASE = 1e9; inline static const int DIGIT_WIDTH = 9; inline int digit(int index) const { return index < digits.size() ? digits[index] : 0; } inline int &digit(int index) { if (digits.size() <= index) digits.resize(index + 1); return digits[index]; } inline void removeZeros() { while (!digits.empty() && !digits.back()) digits.pop_back(); } BigInteger(long long value = 0) { for (; value; value /= BASE) digits.push_back(value % BASE); } BigInteger(const string &s) { for (int r = s.size() - 1; r >= 0; r -= DIGIT_WIDTH) { int l = max(r - DIGIT_WIDTH + 1, 0); digits.push_back(stoi(s.substr(l, r - l + 1))); } removeZeros(); } BigInteger operator + (const BigInteger &that) const { BigInteger res; for (int i = 0, carry = 0; i < digits.size() || i < that.digits.size() || carry; i++) { int cur = digit(i) + that.digit(i) + carry; res.digits.push_back(cur % BASE); carry = cur / BASE; } return res; } BigInteger operator * (const BigInteger &that) const { BigInteger res; for (int i = 0, carry = 0; i < digits.size(); i++) { for (int j = 0; j < that.digits.size() || carry; j++) { long long cur = res.digit(i + j) + 1LL * digit(i) * that.digit(j) + carry; res.digit(i + j) = cur % BASE; carry = cur / BASE; } } res.removeZeros(); return res; } BigInteger operator / (int that) const { BigInteger res; for (int i = digits.size() - 1, carry = 0; i >= 0; i--) { long long cur = 1LL * carry * BASE + digit(i); res.digit(i) = cur / that; carry = cur % that; } res.removeZeros(); return res; } friend istream &operator >> (istream &in, BigInteger &value) { string s; in >> s; value = BigInteger(s); return in; } friend ostream &operator << (ostream &out, const BigInteger &value) { if (value.digits.empty()) { out << 0; } else { out << value.digits.back(); for (int i = (int)value.digits.size() - 2; i >= 0; i--) { out.width(DIGIT_WIDTH); out.fill('0'); out << value.digits[i]; } } return out; } };