Heavy-light-декомпозиция
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Отдельное дерево отрезков для каждого пути |
Изменение порядка рёбер в списках смежности, одно общее дерево отрезков для всех путей |
struct SegmentTree {
int size;
vector<int> t;
void build(int v, int vl, int vr, vector<int> &path, vector<int> &values) {
if (vl == vr) {
t[v] = values[path[vl]];
return;
}
int vm = vl + (vr - vl) / 2;
build(2 * v + 1, vl, vm, path, values);
build(2 * v + 2, vm + 1, vr, path, values);
t[v] = max(t[2 * v + 1], t[2 * v + 2]);
}
int query(int v, int vl, int vr, int l, int r) {
if (l <= vl && vr <= r)
return t[v];
int vm = vl + (vr - vl) / 2;
if (r <= vm)
return query(2 * v + 1, vl, vm, l, r);
if (vm + 1 <= l)
return query(2 * v + 2, vm + 1, vr, l, r);
int ql = query(2 * v + 1, vl, vm, l, r);
int qr = query(2 * v + 2, vm + 1, vr, l, r);
return max(ql, qr);
}
void modify(int v, int vl, int vr, int index, int value) {
if (vl == vr) {
t[v] = value;
return;
}
int vm = vl + (vr - vl) / 2;
if (index <= vm)
modify(2 * v + 1, vl, vm, index, value);
else
modify(2 * v + 2, vm + 1, vr, index, value);
t[v] = max(t[2 * v + 1], t[2 * v + 2]);
}
SegmentTree() {}
SegmentTree(vector<int> &path, vector<int> &values) : size(path.size()), t(4 * size) {
build(0, 0, size - 1, path, values);
}
int getMax(int l, int r) {
return query(0, 0, size - 1, l, r);
}
void setValue(int index, int value) {
modify(0, 0, size - 1, index, value);
}
};
struct HeavyLightDecomposition {
vector<vector<int>> graph, paths;
vector<int> parent, depth, subtreeSize, pathOf, posOf;
vector<SegmentTree> segmentTrees;
HeavyLightDecomposition(int vertexCount) :
graph(vertexCount), parent(vertexCount), depth(vertexCount),
subtreeSize(vertexCount), pathOf(vertexCount), posOf(vertexCount) {}
void addEdge(int a, int b) {
graph[a].push_back(b);
graph[b].push_back(a);
}
int dfs1(int v, int p) {
parent[v] = p;
depth[v] = parent[v] != -1 ? depth[parent[v]] + 1 : 0;
subtreeSize[v] = 1;
for (int to : graph[v])
if (to != parent[v])
subtreeSize[v] += dfs1(to, v);
return subtreeSize[v];
}
void dfs2(int v, int pathIndex) {
if (paths.size() == pathIndex)
paths.emplace_back();
paths[pathIndex].push_back(v);
pathOf[v] = pathIndex;
posOf[v] = paths[pathIndex].size() - 1;
int maxTo = -1;
for (int to : graph[v])
if (to != parent[v] && (maxTo == -1 || subtreeSize[maxTo] < subtreeSize[to]))
maxTo = to;
for (int to : graph[v])
if (to != parent[v])
dfs2(to, to == maxTo ? pathIndex : paths.size());
}
void prepare(int root, vector<int> &values) {
dfs1(root, -1);
dfs2(root, 0);
for (vector<int> &path : paths)
segmentTrees.push_back(SegmentTree(path, values));
}
int getMax(int a, int b) {
int res = -1e9;
while (pathOf[a] != pathOf[b]) {
if (depth[paths[pathOf[a]][0]] > depth[paths[pathOf[b]][0]])
swap(a, b);
res = max(res, segmentTrees[pathOf[b]].getMax(0, posOf[b]));
b = parent[paths[pathOf[b]][0]];
}
if (depth[a] > depth[b])
swap(a, b);
res = max(res, segmentTrees[pathOf[a]].getMax(posOf[a], posOf[b]));
return res;
}
void setValue(int v, int value) {
segmentTrees[pathOf[v]].setValue(posOf[v], value);
}
};
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struct SegmentTree {
int size;
vector<int> t;
void build(int v, int vl, int vr, vector<int> &posInv, vector<int> &values) {
if (vl == vr) {
t[v] = values[posInv[vl]];
return;
}
int vm = vl + (vr - vl) / 2;
build(2 * v + 1, vl, vm, posInv, values);
build(2 * v + 2, vm + 1, vr, posInv, values);
t[v] = max(t[2 * v + 1], t[2 * v + 2]);
}
int query(int v, int vl, int vr, int l, int r) {
if (l <= vl && vr <= r)
return t[v];
int vm = vl + (vr - vl) / 2;
if (r <= vm)
return query(2 * v + 1, vl, vm, l, r);
if (vm + 1 <= l)
return query(2 * v + 2, vm + 1, vr, l, r);
int ql = query(2 * v + 1, vl, vm, l, r);
int qr = query(2 * v + 2, vm + 1, vr, l, r);
return max(ql, qr);
}
void modify(int v, int vl, int vr, int index, int value) {
if (vl == vr) {
t[v] = value;
return;
}
int vm = vl + (vr - vl) / 2;
if (index <= vm)
modify(2 * v + 1, vl, vm, index, value);
else
modify(2 * v + 2, vm + 1, vr, index, value);
t[v] = max(t[2 * v + 1], t[2 * v + 2]);
}
SegmentTree() {}
SegmentTree(vector<int> &posInv, vector<int> &values) : size(posInv.size()), t(4 * size) {
build(0, 0, size - 1, posInv, values);
}
int getMax(int l, int r) {
return query(0, 0, size - 1, l, r);
}
void setValue(int index, int value) {
modify(0, 0, size - 1, index, value);
}
};
struct HeavyLightDecomposition {
vector<vector<int>> graph;
vector<int> parent, depth, subtreeSize, pos, posInv, pathStart;
int timer = 0;
SegmentTree segmentTree;
HeavyLightDecomposition(int vertexCount) :
graph(vertexCount), parent(vertexCount), depth(vertexCount),
subtreeSize(vertexCount), pos(vertexCount), posInv(vertexCount), pathStart(vertexCount) {}
void addEdge(int a, int b) {
graph[a].push_back(b);
graph[b].push_back(a);
}
int dfs1(int v, int p) {
parent[v] = p;
if (parent[v] != -1) {
depth[v] = depth[parent[v]] + 1;
graph[v].erase(find(graph[v].begin(), graph[v].end(), parent[v]));
}
subtreeSize[v] = 1;
for (int &to : graph[v]) {
subtreeSize[v] += dfs1(to, v);
if (subtreeSize[graph[v][0]] < subtreeSize[to])
swap(graph[v][0], to);
}
return subtreeSize[v];
}
void dfs2(int v, int start) {
pos[v] = timer;
posInv[timer++] = v;
pathStart[v] = start;
for (int to : graph[v])
dfs2(to, to == graph[v][0] ? pathStart[v] : to);
}
void prepare(int root, vector<int> &values) {
dfs1(root, -1);
dfs2(root, root);
segmentTree = SegmentTree(posInv, values);
}
int getMax(int a, int b) {
int res = -1e9;
while (pathStart[a] != pathStart[b]) {
if (depth[pathStart[a]] > depth[pathStart[b]])
swap(a, b);
res = max(res, segmentTree.getMax(pos[pathStart[b]], pos[b]));
b = parent[pathStart[b]];
}
if (depth[a] > depth[b])
swap(a, b);
res = max(res, segmentTree.getMax(pos[a], pos[b]));
return res;
}
void setValue(int v, int value) {
segmentTree.setValue(pos[v], value);
}
};
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Ссылки на задачи
Ссылки
Теория:
- e-maxx.ru — Heavy-light декомпозиция
- cp-algorithms.com — Heavy-light decomposition
- algorithmica.org — Heavy-light декомпозиция
- codeforces.com — Heavy-light decompositon — это может быть просто!
- codeforces.com — Hybrid Tutorial #-1: Heavy-Light Decomposition
- blog.anudeep2011.com — Heavy Light Decomposition
- usaco.guide — Heavy-Light Decomposition
Код: